污水处理活性污泥微生物群落多样性研究

Microbial Population Diversity of Activated Sludge for Wastewater Treatment

为研究污水处理活性污泥微生物多样性,提取了活性污泥宏基因组DNA,并采用细菌通用引物27F和1492R扩增了上海污泥厂活性污泥细菌16S rDNA片段,构建了细菌16S rDNA克隆文库,并对该文库中的微生物群落进行了分析。共获得200条高质量序列并建立系统发育树,结果显示活性污泥主要的细菌类群为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)(91.9%)、厚壁菌门(Firmicures)(4.6%)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)(2%)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)(0.5%)、硝化螺菌门(Nitrospirae)(1%)。其中,明显的优势菌群为Alcaligenes feacalis(55%)、Pseudomonas aeruginosa(12.8%)和Stenotrophomonas(12.8%),优势菌的产酶能力在活性污泥中显示生态修复功能菌的作用。

In order to study the microbial diversity of activated sludge （AS） for wastewater treatment, the macro-ge- notate DNA of the AS was extracted from a wastewater factory in Shanghai. The 16S rDNA of the AS bacteria was am- plified using bacteria general primers 27F and 1492R to construct the bacterial 16S rDNA clone library, and analyzed the microbial population of the library. All together 200 bands of high quality sequences were obtained and established a phylogenetie tree. The results showed that the main bacterial population of the AS was the phyla of Proteobacteria （91.9%） , Firmicutes （4.6%） , Baeteroidetes （2%） , Chloroflexi （0.5%）, Nitrospirae （1%）. Among them Al- caligenesfeacalis （55%） , Pseudomonas aeruginosa （ 12.8% ） , and Stenotrophomonas （ 12.8% ） were noticeably dominant bacterial population, enzyme production capacity of the dominant bacteria showed the ecological restoration function in the AS.