广州市9482例手足口病流行特征及病原学分型

The epidemiological characteristics and pathogenic types of hand, foot and mouth disease in 9482 pediatric patients in Guangzhou

目的分析广州市9482例手足口病的流行特征及肠道病毒病原学分型情况，为医疗机构防控手足口病提供依据。方法运用描述性流行病学方法分析手足口病病例的三问分布及病原学分型情况，用Excel2007和SPSS13．0对所有数据进行整理和分析。结果2008年4月至2011年12月，研究单位报告的手足口病患儿逐年增加，累计报告9482例，5岁以下的儿童占94．1％，男女比例1．53：1；手足口病的高发期为每年的4—7月，正好是广州的梅雨季节，9—10月出现一次小高峰；共检测手足口病标本7344份，肠道病毒分离阳性的共6892份，阳性检出率为93．85％，其中EV71型、CoxA16型、其他肠道病毒分别占25．79％（1894例）、32．27％（2370例）及35．78％（2628例）。结论各级医院的儿科应继续重视手足口病的监测管理，在每年手足口病高发时期（夏秋季），做好手足口病的知识宣教，各级部门做好对重点人群（5岁以下儿童）的保护工作，减少手足口病的发病。

ObJective To analyze the epidemiologcial features and pathogenic types of hand, foot and mouth disease （ HFMD ） in 9482 pediatric patients in Guangzhou, and to provide medical institutions with support for the prevention and control of HFMD. Methods Descriptive epidemiologcial methods were used to analyze the distribution and pathogenic types of HFMD. All the data were collected and analyzed. Results A total of 9482 cases of HFMD were reported in the children hospital from April 2008 to December 2011,94.1% of whom were under 5 years old. The male to female ratio was 1.53 ： 1. April to July is the peak period of HFMD.This period is the raining season of each year. Then a little peak occurred in the period from September to October. 6892 were enterovirus positiveamong the tested 7344 samples, with a positive rate of 93.85%. Human Enterovirus 71 （ EV71 ） were indentified in 1894 （ 25.79% ） patients, coxsackievirus A16 （ Cox A16 ） in 2370 （ 32.27% ）, and other enterovirus in 2628 （ 35.78% ）. Conclusions Pediatrics in all hospitals should continue to pay great attention to the monitoring and management of HFMD and propa- ganda the knowledge of HFMD in the period （ summer and autumn ） of high invasion; all departments should do a good job to protect the focus groups （ children under age 5 ） from HFMD.