某型高射炮兵社会支持、人格特征与心理健康的关系研究

Correlation between social support,personality traits and mental health in antiaircraft artillerymen

目的了解某型高射炮兵的心理健康状况及其与人格特征和社会支持的关系。方法采用社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)、艾森克人格问卷简式量表(中国版,EPQ-RSC)对145名某型高射炮兵进行问卷调查,回收有效问卷143份。采用SCL-90评定心理健康水平,采用SSRS评定社会支持情况,采用EPQ-RSC评定人格特征。利用分层回归技术考察社会支持和人格特征对心理健康状况的影响。采用t检验、Pearson相关分析、回归分析等方法进行统计学分析。结果某型高射炮兵SCL-90各因子得分均显著高于地方常模(P<0.001),总分、躯体化、强迫、焦虑、敌对显著高于军人常模(P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.001),其他因子无显著差异。支持利用度与心理健康总分(r=-0.205,P<0.05)、人际关系敏感(r=-0.182,P<0.05)、抑郁(r=-0.200,P<0.05)、偏执(r=-0.263,P<0.01)及人格特征的神经质(r=-0.241,P<0.01)呈显著负相关,与外向性(r=0.339,P<0.01)呈显著正相关。外向性与心理健康各因子(敌对因子除外)呈显著负相关(r=-0.202～-0.393,P<0.05,P<0.01)。心理健康因子(强迫和躯体化因子除外)与精神质(r=0.167～0.246,P<0.05,P<0.01),以及心理健康各因子与神经质(r=0.386～0.584,P<0.01)均呈显著正相关。结论某型高射炮兵的心理健康状况不容乐观,应重视其心理健康问题,并充分考虑社会支持的利用程度和人格特征对心理健康的重要作用。

Objective To quantitatively assess the mental health status and analyze the relationship between social support, personality traits and mental health in antiaircraft artillery personnel. Methods One hundred and forty-five antiaircraft artillerymen were tested with the Social Support Scale, the Symptom Checklist 90（SCL-90）, and the Revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Short Scale for Chinese （EPQ-RSC）. The questionnaires were returned by 143 artillerymen and the data were processed by t-test, pearson correlation analysis and regression analysis. Results Every factor score of SCL-90 was significantly higher than that of civilian cohorts （P〈0.001）. The total score（151.88±38.39, P〈0.05） and the scores of somatization （1.63 ±0.48, P〈0.05）, obsessive-compulsiveness （1.95±0.59, P〈0.001）, anxiety （1.67± 0.51, P〈0.01） and hostility （1.78 ± 0.62, P〈0.01） of SCL-90 were significantly higher than the norm of those of Chinese army men. The utilization of social support showed significant negative correlation with total score （r=-0.205, P〈0.05）, interpersonal sensitivity （r=-0.182, P〈0.05）, depression （r=-0.200, P〈0.05）, paranoid ideation （r=-0.263, P〈0.01）, and neuroticism in personality traits （r=-0.241, P〈0.01）. There was significant positive correlation between the utilization of social support and EPQ-E （r=0.339, P〈0.01）. Every factor of SCL-90 except hostility （r=-0.202 to -0.393, P〈0.05, P〈0.01） showed significant negative correlation with EPQ-E. There was significant positive correlation between most factors of SCL-90 and EPQ-P （except obsessive-compulsive and somatization, r=0.167-0.246, P〈0.05, P〈0.01） and EPQ.-N （r=0.386-0.584, P〈0.01）. Conclusions The mental health of antiaircraft artillerymen is not so optimistic, and it should be taken care seriously. In addition, we should also pay attention to the effect of utilization of social support and personality trait in improving mental health.