生长肉兔细菌感染抗病力的遗传变异

Genetic Variability of the Resistance for Bacterial Infection in Growing Meat Rabbits

细菌感染是造成断奶后肉兔重大经济损失的疾病之一。本研究通过对4个品种787只5～10周龄断奶肉免健康记录的分析，确定细菌感染疾病抗病力的遗传方差。利用父性阈值模型分析断奶后肉兔细菌感染疾病的发病情况。结果表明：细菌感染的发病率从第5周的最小值逐步增加到第9周的最大值。品种和父性效应对生长肉兔细菌感染的发病率影响显著（P〈0．05）。比利时兔的发病率最高（36．87％），父性方差占到了总表型方差的3．42%--8．02％。因此，肉兔细菌感染疾病的抗病力存在遗传变异，通过遗传选择可以降低细菌感染的发病率。

Bacterial infection is one of the most economically important diseases in preweaned meat rabbits. This study examined the health records of 787 meat rabbits representing four breeds to describe the genetic variability for the resistance to bacterial infection in the growing rabbits from 5 to 10 weeks of age. Incidence of bacterial infection during postweaning periods were analyzed with a threshold sire model. Our results demonstrated that incidence of infection increased steadily with age from a minimum at 5 weeks of age to maximum at 9 weeks of age. The breed and sire effect were significant for incidence of bacterial infection in growing meat rabbits （P〈0.05）. Flemish Giant had the highest incidence during the postweaning periods （36.87%）. 3.42%-8.02% of the phenotypic variation in bacterial infection occurrence was estimated to be due to sire variation. So, there is a genetic variability for the resistance to bacterial infection in meat rabbits. It may be possible to reduce the incidence of bacterial infection using genetic selection.