金标法和ELISA法检测乙型肝炎病毒血清标志物的比较

Comparative Study on Colloidal Gold-labeled Method and ELISA of Testing Five Serological Markers of HBV

目的探讨金标法检测乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)HBsAg、HBsAb、HBeAg、HBeAb、HBcAb五项血清标志物的敏感性、特异性。方法采用ELISA法和金标法对256例血清样本同时进行HBV五项血清标志物的检测,并且对结果进行对比分析。结果 256例样本中:ELISA法"全阴性"(HBsAg,HBsAb,HBeAg,HBeAb,HBcAb均阴性)结果模式,金标法结果相同;ELISA法HBsAg、HBeAb、HBcAb阳性,HBsAb、HBeAg阴性(简称模式1);HBsAg、HBeAg、HBcAb阳性,HBeAb、HBsAb阴性(简称模式2)结果模式,金标法检测样本的结果模式发生改变。256例样本两法各单项指标检测结果经χ2检验:HBsAb和HBeAg两项结果的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);HB-sAg,HBeAb,HBcAb三项结果的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),少数ELISA法阳性或OD为临界值的样本金标法检测结果为阴性;无ELISA法阴性而金标法为阳性的标本。结论两种方法对HBV五项血清标志物测定的特异性相近,但是金标法敏感性不如ELISA法。

Objective To investigate the sensitivity and specificity of testing HBsAg,HBsAb,HBeAg,HBeAb and HBcAb with colloidal gold-labeled method. Methods 256 serological cases were tested with both colloidal gold-labeled method and ELISA. The results of two methods were analyzed. Results All five negative results samples by ELISA were the same with colloidal gold-labeled method,but for the results HBsAg, HBeAb,HBcAb are positive;HBsAb, HBeAg are negative and HBsAg,HBeAg, HBcAb are positive; HBeAb,HBsAb are negative by ELISA, some were changed by col- loidal gold-labeled method. The chi-aquare test（χ^2） showed that the result differences of HBsAb and HBeAg were not sta- tistically significant with two methods （P〉0. 05 ）. But χ^2 test showed the differences were significant on HBsAg,HBeAh and HBcAb with two methods. The weak positive results by ELISA always were negative by colloidal gold-labeled method, but no negative results by ELISA were found positive tested by colloidal gold-labeled method. Conclusions The specificity of testing five serological markers of HBV has no difference between two methods, hut ELISA is more sensitive than colloidal gold-labeled method.