“吃X”的语用焦点特性及其生成规范

A Focus Structure Analysis of "Chi+X " in Chinese Under Alternative Semantic Theory

在综合考察"吃X"非常规动宾结构基础上,指出:在语用层面,X处存在一个焦点选项集合,是"吃X"的常见分布形态,也是非典型结构成立的必要条件;在语义层面,X带有的区别性特征使得"吃X"成为具备特定运作机制的转喻结构与焦点结构的复合体。

Based on the Alternatives Semantics Theory, this paper analyzes unconventional Verb - Object structure ＂Chi ＋ X＂ in Chinese language comprehensively and indicates that the X part including a focus - alternatives set is the common expressive pattern of sentence structure and the necessary condition to make it tenable. It reveals that the X＇ s distinctive feature makes ＂chi ＋ X＂ structure the combination of metonymy structure and focus structure with certain operation mechanism in language generation and comprehension.