大新县甘蔗种植区域土壤肥力状况与改良对策

The soil fertility and improvement measures of sugarcane planting area in Daxin County

为研究大新县甘蔗种植区域耕地土壤肥力状况和甘蔗的低产原因,对甘蔗种植区土壤的基本情况、施肥状况等进行调查并采集耕层土样进行分析测定。结果为:蔗区土壤成土母质以石灰岩和第四纪红土为主;耕层浅薄;土壤pH值在3.8～8.9之间,土壤过酸或过碱面积大;水利设施不完善,土壤干旱;土壤养分不协调,氮、磷、钾肥料施用比例失衡;长期连作,病虫害多,土壤板结;中低产田面积大。改良对策:大力推广测土配方施肥技术、合理轮作和间套种、增施有机肥和推广蔗叶还田、推广机械深耕深松技术、加强蔗区水利基础设施建设等。

In order to study the soil fertility and reasons of low-yield of sugarcane planting area in Daxin County,the basic soil conditions and fertilization were surveyed and soil samples were collected for test and analysis. The results show that the parent materials of soil are mainly limestone and red earth of Quaternary period with thin plough layer,PH value of 3.8-8.9,more acid and alkalescence area, incomplete water facility, drought, imbalance nutrient composing in soil and fertilization, too long continuous cropping,larger low-and-middle yield field. Improvement measures include extension ser- vice of formula by soil test,rational rotation and interplanting returning-to-field, deeper machinery plough and enhancement , applying more manure and cane leaves of water facility construction etc.