海南岛橡胶林林下植物资源调查与分析

Investigation and Analysis of Plant Resources under Rubber Forests in Hainan Island

橡胶林在海南岛分布较广,是海南岛重要的植被类型之一。摸清海南岛橡胶林林下植物资源概况对于了解热带橡胶林生态系统十分必要,在此基础上对林下植物资源进行开发利用对于提高海南省经济效益和建设国际旅游岛具有非常重要的意义。本文对海南岛不同地区橡胶林林下植物分布、种类进行调查统计和分析,结果表明橡胶林林下物种资源丰富:在调查区约10 400 m2的样方中共有植物种类472种,其中药用植物382种,牧草植物40种,纤维植物35种,可食用植物22种,观赏植物13种,海南特有种7种。针对海南岛橡胶林林下植物资源较为丰富的现状,结合海南省实际情况,提出了大力发展林下间作、南药产业、花卉产业和特色旅游纪念品的利用对策。

Tropical rubber forest is widely distributed in Hainan Island, and is one of the most important vegetation in Hainan Island. Obtaining the survey of plant resources under rubber fi）rests is necessary to understand the ecosystem of the rubber forests. How to develop and utilize of plant resources has very important significance of increasing economic benefits of the Hainan Province and the construction of international traveling island of Hainan. In this paper, the types and distributions of understory plant species in rubber forests in Hainan Island were smwived and classified. The results showed that the species under the rubber forests are considerably rich. There are 472 species, including 382 medicinal plants, 40 forages, 35 fiber plants, 22 edible plants, 13 ornamental plants and 7 Hai：aan endemic species. In view of current situation of plant resources in Hainan Island rubber forests, combined with the actual conditions of Hainan Province, utilization countermeasures, such as, deve]ioping intercropping agroforestry, medicinal industry, flowers industry, tourism souvenirs industry, are put forward in this paper.