短暂性脑缺血发作患者颈动脉斑块稳定性及其相关因素研究

An Analysis on the Risk Factors of the Stability of Carotid Atherosclerosis Plaque in Transient Ischemic Attack Patients

目的探讨短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)患者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块稳定性及其相关危险因素。方法对140例短暂性脑缺血发作患者行颈部血管超声及血液检查;根据颈部血管超声结果分为不稳定斑块组和稳定斑块组,比较两组间颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的稳定性及危险因素的差异。结果不稳定组血清总胆固醇(CHOL)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、三酰甘油(TG)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)、同型半胱氨酸(HCY)、性别、糖尿病史、吸烟与稳定组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。TIA患者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块发生率84.29%。结论 TIA患者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块稳定性与CHOL、HDL-C、LDL-C、TG、HCY、FIB、性别、糖尿病史、吸烟有关,控制其危险因素有重要临床意义。

Objective To explore the risk factors for stability of the carotid plaques in transient ischemic attack pa-tients. Methods Color ultrasound scanner was used to detect the plaques of the carotid arteries in transient ischemic attack pa-tients （n = 140）, according to the ultrasound scanning, the patients were divided into unstable plaque group and stable plaque group. Compared the physical data and the concentration of total cholesterol （CHOL）, triglycerides （TG）, high-density lip-oprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C）, HCY, FIB, blood glucose （GLU）, age, smoking, sexual, hypertension and diabetes in unstable plaque group with stable plaque group. Carotid plaques were detected in 84. 29% of the patients. Results When compared with stable plaque group, smoking, male, and diabetes were more frequent-ly found in unstable plaque group, and unstable plaque group were higher concentration of CHOL, TG, LDL - C, HCY and FIB （ P 〈 0. 05 ）, and lower HDL - C （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion Carotid plaques were the risk factor for transient ischemic attack. smoking, diabetes, male, and CHOL, TG, LDL - C, HCY, FIB and HDL - C are the risk factors for stability of carotid plaques.