对民族项目“蹴球”的创新研究

Research on Innovation of the National Sport “Kicking Ball”

采用实验研究法、文献资料法、专家访谈法等。对民族传统体育项目蹴球进行创新,内容包括:①场地:在传统蹴球场地对边中线1/4处设置4根障碍柱,其地面高度与球的直径等高,四柱的连线成正方形,其中心在蹴球场中心,每柱离边线距离为1/4边长;②器材:将运动员的平底运动鞋创新为脚底有条纹、园钉等各种形式的纹路与图案的、任何规格的运动鞋;③技战术:技术上主要体现在原有的"蹴"、"挤压"技术基础上增加"捅"、"蹬"、"踩"、"拨"、"拉"、"滑"、"搓"等技术,要求运动员掌握蹴侧旋球、回旋球等;战术上主要体现在围绕障碍柱设置障碍球以及利用障碍柱或本方球进攻等;④竞赛规则:改原规则"用脚底蹴球"、"穿平底运动鞋"为"用脚蹴球"、"可穿任何规格的运动鞋"。取消了部分不利于蹴球创新与发展的规则;⑤计分:增加本球击障碍柱、击本方球的计分方法。结果表明:创新后的蹴球比传统蹴球:①技术更细腻、更全面;②战术变化更多、更复杂;③更能体现运动员的心理素质和临场应变能力;④比赛过程更曲折、更精彩,趣味性、观赏性更强。

In this paper, the experimental methodology, the literature review and the expert interview method are used to research on innovation of the national sport kicking ball. The content includes ： 1 ） Location ： 4 barrier col- umns in traditional kick ball location opposite side median line 1/4 are set and their ground level and ball diame- ter contour; four column segments form the square with the center in the field center; each column is 1/4 side length away from the sideline. 2） Equipment： athlete~ flat base athletic shoes are innovated to any specification athletic shoes with the stripe, garden nail for the sole and so on. 3） Technique and tactics： In technique, based on original ＂kicks＂, ＂the extrusion＂, more techniques such as ＂hold＂, ＂pedal＂, ＂step on＂, ＂dial＂, ＂pull＂, ＂slide＂, ＂rub the hands＂ and so on should be added . The athletes are required to grasp such skills as ＂kicking the side to turn on the ball＂, ＂ maneuvering the ball＂ and so on. In tactic, setting block - ball encompassing the barrier column as well as using barrier column or one＇ s own side ball attack and so on is mainly manifested. 4） Contest rule： Changing the original rule ＂kick ball with the sole＂, ＂put on the flat base athletic shoes＂ into ＂kick ball with the foot＂, may put on the athletic shoes of any specification. Some rules which are not favorable to the development and innovation of the kick ball are canceled. 5） Scoring： adding the scoring method of striking the barrier column with one＇ s own side ball and striking one＇ s own side ball. The result proves that compared with the traditional kick -ball the innovation kick -ball： （1） requires more sophisticated and comprehensive skill; （2） has more changeable and complex tactics; （3） manifests more of the athlete psychological quality and the ability to adjust to circumstances on site ; （4） has more winding and splendid competition process, more interest and better viewing.