军队中心医院护理人员组成及工作满意度的调查

Diversification satus of military nursing team and its job satisfaction

目的探讨军队中心级医院护理队伍组成及护理人员工作满意度现状。方法通过调查沈阳军区3家展开1000张床位的中心级军队三甲医院护理人员组成情况及工作满意度，对军队护理队伍的组成等现状进行分析。结果军队中心医院护理人员组成以聘用人员为主要力量占69．3％，年龄在18—27岁中所占比例最大93．6％，学历在中专及大专中所占比例最大，分别为94．6％及72．4％，在工龄4—6年中的比例最大79．5％，在临床和辅诊岗位上所占比例最高为75．2％及78．3％；现役军人护士只占全体护士的9．6％，甚至低于文职护士12．4％的比例，且在38～47岁组中占有最大比例，为85．5％，在医院的各级护理管理工作中所占比例最大为81．9％；文员护士工作年限在1～3年的阶段中所占比例最大98．8％，在人员组成比例中已经超过现役护士；返聘护士在48岁以上年龄组中所占比例最大86．7％，工龄在14年以上所占比例最高47．5％；卫生士官护士所占比例最少1％，工龄较短且都在临床一线工作。五类护理人员的总体工作满意度水平较低，现役军人得分最高为（3．18±1．02）分，差异有统计学意义（F=76；P〈0．01）。结论军队护理队伍组成更趋多元化、年轻化，骨干力量缺失，护理人员工作满意度普遍偏低，军队护理事业的发展机遇与挑战并存。针对军队多元化护理队伍的现状，应完善护理队伍管理，保持护理队伍的持续性、人才的层次性，同工同酬，多渠道聚拢护理人才，才能提高满意度、保证卫勤保障能力。

Objective To explore of the composition of central military hospital nursing team and the status of their job satisfaction. Methods Nurses＇ job satisfaction in three central military hospitals with 1000 sick bed were surveyed. An analysis was conducted in military nursing team. Results The contract workers as the main force of the central military hospital nursing staff accounted for 69. 3%. At the age of 18 - 27 accounted for the biggest proportion of 93.6% , the technical secondary school and junior college degree was the largest number, accounted 94.6% and 72.4% respectively. The ratio of their working years in four to six years was 79.5% , the biggest proportion of clinical and auxiliary clinic post highest was 75.2% and 78.3%. Active duty soldier nurse accounted for only 9.6% of all the nurse, and even less than 12.4% of the civilian nurse, and in 38 -47 years old group owned the largest proportion 85.5% , during the hospital nursing management of hospital was largest （81.9%）. Civilian nurse working years in 1 -3 years in the stage of the largest shared 98.8% of people, and the proportion has more than active duty soldiers nurse. Post-retirement employment nurses were most in the 48 years old group with the proportion of maximum 86.7%, length of service in the 14 years was the highest percentage of 47.5%. Solider nurses＇ proportion was 1% , their length of service was short and most working in clinical. The overall job satisfaction level of five kinds of nursing staff was low. The active duty soldier nurses＇ job satisfaction was the highest score（ 3.18 _＋ 1.02）. The difference between the five groups was statistically significant （ F = 76 ; P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusions Military nursing team tends to be more diversified, younger and backbone absent and their job satisfaction are low. The development of the military nursing team confront with the opportunities and challenges due to the situation of diversification of military nursing team, a full range of diversified management pattern should be established based on optimize nursing structure and strengthen the comprehensive training for medical service capacity, which can improve nurses＇ job satisfaction and ensure the ability of medical support.