虚指性间接宾语“他”的虚化机制

On Grammaticalization Mechanisms of Functional Indirect Object "He"

第三人称代词"他"的产生是由作定语时主要用来指别中心语"人",后来发展到单独指别"人",这是从指别功能的多样性向指别功能的单一性转变,而这种指别程度要低于第一人称代词"我"和第二人称代词"你",因此可以用于"远指",这种"远指"功能是"他"得以虚化的语义基础。虚指性间接宾语"他"虚化必须具备四个句法语义条件。

The third person pronoun ＂He＂ was produced to refer to the headword ＂person＂ when it acted as an attribute, then it developed to refer to ＂person＂ independently. This phenomenon is a transformation from deictic diversity to its uniformity, this kind of deictic degree,however,is lower than the first person pronoun ＂I＂ and the second person pronoun ＂You＂. Therefore, ＂He＂ also can be used as distal deixis, this function of distal deixis is the semantic basis of its grammaticalization. Finally,the writer summed up the four syntactic and semantic conditions of the grammaticalization of functional indirect object ＂He＂.