闽北山区竹林分布及动态变化的地形分异特征研究

Rasearch on the Distribution of Bamboo and Dynamics Change of Terrain in North Fujian

地形是影响植被分布和变化的重要因素之一,摸清竹资源的地形分异特征,对制定区域的竹资源可持续发展和生态环境建设战略具有重要意义。以福建省顺昌县为例,在GIS和遥感技术的支持下,结合遥感数据成图与地形因子叠加分析,对竹林分布及动态变化的地形分异特征进行了研究。研究结果表明:①竹林主要分布在海拔1 200m以下,400～800m区域竹林面积最大,在海拔800m以下随着海拔的升高,竹林面积逐渐增大,在海拔800m以上,随着海拔的升高竹林面积逐渐减少;②竹林集中分布在坡度6～25°区域,并且主要分布在半阳坡和半阴坡;③从1988～2007年间顺昌县竹林面积呈快速增长态势,净增加面积为1 6811.48hm2;增加、减少和未变3种变化类型中,增加和未变的竹林面积随地形的变化呈先增加后减少的趋势;而减少的竹林面积随着海拔升高逐渐减少,随着坡度的变化先升高后减少,并且在各个坡向上变化不大。研究成果反映了自然与人为驱动力对顺昌县竹林面积的动态变化的影响,为该县竹林利用规划和生态建设提供了科学依据。

Terrain is an important factor for affecting the distribution and vegetation changes. It is very important that formulates regional sustainable development of bamboo resources and ecological environment construction strategy by finding out the topographic Variation characteristics of bamboo resources. Fujian Shunchang is taken as an example in this paper,combined with remote sensing data and overlay analysis of terrain factor,the distribution of bamboo and dynamic change of terrain were studied by GIS and remote sensing. The results show that bamboo is mainly located at the areas where the sea level altitude is less than 1 200 m, the largest area of bamboo is concentrated in the area where the sea level altitude is from 400 m to 800 m,the bamboo area enlarged with the increasing of altitude when the sea level altitude is less than 800m, and the bamboo forest area is gradually reduced with the elevation of altitude when the sea level altitude is over 800 m; The bamboo is mainly located at the areas of which the slope is 6-25°,and mainly located in the semi-sunny and semi shaded regions. The bamboo area is rapidly growing from 1988 to 2007 in Shunchang,and the increasing area is 16 811.48 hm^2. The result reflects the dynamic area of bamboo in Shunchang which is affected by the natural and man-made driving forces,and the result provides a scientific basis for planning and ecological construction.