湍流基础问题研究进展:能量传递,相互作用尺度,各向同性衰减的自保持性

ADVANCES IN THE FUNDAMENTAL ASPECTS OF TURBULENCE: ENERGY TRANSFER,INTERACTING SCALES, AND SELFPRESERVATION IN ISOTROPIC DECAY

为了更深入地了解湍流的物理过程，本文综述了各向同性湍流的基础问题．在评述了Ｋｏｌｍｏｇｏｒｏｖ能谱及能量级串过程后，深入讨论了Ｋｏｌｍｏｇｏｒｏｖ局部各向同性假设．接着综述了涉及能量传递的以及包括三元组相互作用的各向同性湍流相互作用尺度的详细物理过程．还讨论了惯性区、自相似性以及小尺度对大尺度各向异性的响应和末期衰减过程．之后为了举例说明这些论点，详细讨论了根据各向同性湍流直接模拟及大涡模拟得到的结果（包括对亚格子模型的讨论）.最后，综述了各向同性湍流的自保持性，并展望了今后的研究方向．

The fundamental aspects of isotropic turbulence are reviewed in reviewed in order to gain a betterinsight into the physical processes of turbulence. After first reviewing the Kolmogorov energyspectrum and the energy cascade, the Kolmogorov hypothesis of local isotropy is discussed in depth.Then, the detailed physical processes involving energy transfer and interacting scales in isotropicturbulence, including triad interactions, are reviewed. The inertial range and self-similarity are alsodiscussed along with tile response of the small scales to large-scale anisotropy and the final stagesof the decay process. Results from direct and large-eddy simulations of isotropic turbulenceincluding a discussion of subgrig scale modeling--are then discussed in detail to illustrate these points. The article closes with a review of self-preservation in isotropic turbulence and a discussion of the prospects for future research. It contains 155 references.