双脉冲固体发动机喷管传热烧蚀特性

Characterization of nozzle thermal and ablation response in dual-pulse solid rocket motors

为了研究双脉冲固体发动机喷管的传热烧蚀特性,由燃烧室压强及发动机推力试验曲线得到了喷管喉径的瞬变值,由FLUENT流体计算软件进行流固耦合传热烧蚀计算,得到了喷管瞬态温度分布、绝热材料热解炭化情况及碳/碳(C/C)喉衬瞬态烧蚀率,分析了脉冲工作过程及脉冲间隔时间对喷管传热烧蚀的影响.计算结果表明,脉冲工作过程中,绝热材料热解线、炭化线向材料内部扩展,喉衬烧蚀率不断增大;脉冲间隔时间内,喷管材料内部的导热使各处温差减小,温度趋于一致;第一脉冲的传热烧蚀与脉冲间隔的材料导热使第二脉冲工作时喉衬整体热沉小、内壁初始温度高、表面粗糙度大,从而导致较高烧蚀率.

In order to investigate the nozzle thermal and ablation characteristics in dual- pulse solid rocket motors, the transient value of the throat diameter was obtained from the pressure and thrust measurements. Furthermore, the in-depth thermal response, pyroly- sis/char profiles and surface recession of the nozzle assembly were predicted through fully coupled fluid-solid analysis using the commercial code FLUENT. Results show that during pulse operation, the insulation material pyrolysis/char profiles expand and the nozzle insert erosion rate increases. During pulse separation, heat conduction in the material leads to the decrease in the material temperature difference. The heat transfer and ablation processes of pulse 1 and pulse separation make the nozzle insert exhibit small heat sink, high surface temperature and large surface roughness, which would result in higher throat erosion rate when pulse 2 operates.