孕妇对母乳喂养认知情况的调查

The Investigation of Pregnant women' Cognition about Breast Feeding

目的了解孕妇母乳喂养知识的认知情况,对婴儿的喂养计划及对母乳喂养知识的需求情况,为临床进行母乳喂养方面的健康教育提供依据。方法采用自行设计的问卷对产科门诊就诊的190名孕妇进行调查。问卷的主要内容包括一般资料、产后母乳喂养计划、母乳喂养认知情况、知识来源、希望获得母乳喂养知识的途径和时机。结果有159例孕妇(83.7%)计划产后选择纯母乳喂养;孕妇对母乳喂养知识得分平均8.34±6.42分,得分偏低;知识得分与孕妇的年龄,孕周呈现低度正相关,不同孕周及不同文化程度的孕妇对母乳喂养知识主动获取情况具有统计学差异(P<0.05),孕妇获取母乳喂养知识的主动性不同,知识的得分具有统计学差异(P<0.05);有70%的孕妇希望医务人员给予宣教;66.3%的孕妇希望能在孕中期学习母乳喂养的相关知识。结论孕妇对母乳喂养的认知情况不容乐观,对医务人员宣教需求量大,医务人员应在孕期适时开展有效的母乳喂养健康教育,为提高产后纯母乳喂养率奠定基础。

Objective This paper aims at knowing about the pregnant women＇s cognition about breast feeding, the feeding plan for infant and the requirements of breast feeding knowledge, in order to provide basis for clinical to have breast feeding health education. Methods We had an investiga- tion on 190 pregnant women from obstetrical department outpatient service using a self-designed questionnaire. The main contents of the questionnaire include general materials, breast feeding plan postpartum, breast feeding cognition, knowledge source and the ways and timing of hoping to get breast feeding knowledge. Results There are 159 pregnant women planning to choose pure breast feeding; the average score of breast feeding knowledge of pregnant women is 8.34±6.42, which is quite low; the score and the age and gestational age appears low positive correlation; the situation of taking the initiative for getting breast feeding knowledge of pregnant women from different gestational age and different culture degree has statistical difference （ P 〈 0.05） ; pregnant women＇s initiative of getting breast feeding knowledge are different, whose knowledge score has statistical difference （ P 〈 0.05） ; 70% pregnant women hope to get propaganda and education from medical staffs; 66.3% of them hope to learn certain knowledge about breast feeding during second trimester. Conclusions The cognition situation about breast feeding of pregnant women is not optimistic. The requirements of propaganda and education from medical staffs are amount. Medical staffs should develop effective breast feeding health education for pregnant women, for laying a foundation to improve the rate of pure breast feeding postpartum.