小灰水浸提液处理青稞秸秆后在瘤胃中消失率的变化特点

Characteristics of disappearance rate in rumens by immersing the barley straw in water extractive from the plant ash

西藏饲草资源有限,牛羊生产性能低,特别是冬春季节,牛羊多处于半饥饿状态。提高西藏牛羊对饲草的利用率,是西藏牛羊养殖业的重要目标之一。本试验选用西藏农牧民最常用的燃料-牛粪灰,按一定的比例水浸提牛粪灰中的碱性物质和矿物质,再按一定的比例浸泡装入青稞秸秆的无纺布滤袋内,置入羊瘤胃内测定对主要物质的消失率。结果表明:牛粪灰中K+含量较高,达到(28.4594±1.6483)mg/g,Cu2+含量为(0.5492±0.0025)mg/g,同时含有大量的其他微量元素及CO32-盐和PO43-盐。经试验,当灰水比为0.88∶10时,pH值最高,达到10.18。用这一比例灰水浸提液浸泡填入青稞秸秆的滤袋48 h后,消化后再测定总养分、纯纤维素、NDF、ADF在瘤胃中的消失率,分别显著提高了4.45%、4.89%、6.95%和5.80%。由此可见,利用廉价的牛粪灰水浸提液浸泡秸秆能显著地提高纤维素在牛羊瘤胃中的利用率。

The production performance of Tibet cattle and sheep are low because of limited forage resources, especially in winter and summer seasons as most of cattle and sheep are hungry. Our main objective is to improve the forage nutrient utilization for Tibet animal husband- ry. In the current project, Alkali and mineral substance solution in definite proportions were extracted from ash of cattle dung and sheep ma- nure which is common fuel in Tibet former and herdsman families, the non-woven filter bags filled up with barley straw were placed inside of sheep rumens after immersed in the leaching liquid of ash in certain proportions. The result showed that ash of cattle dung had high content of K＋ as （28. 4594±1. 6483） mg/g, Cu2＋as （0. 5492±0. 0025） mg/g, while other minor elements, carbonate and phosphate were rich. The pH value was the highest as 10. 18 when the ratios of ash and water were 0. 88 ： 10. Filter bags filled up with barley straw were immersed in the leach liquor in that proportion after 48 h, the disappearance rates in sheep rumens of total nutrient, pure cellulose, NDF and ADF significantly increased by 4. 45% , 4. 89% , 6. 95% and 5.80% , respectively. It is obvious that using cheap leach liquor from ash of cattle dung and sheep manure to immersed straw can efficiently enhanced the utilization ratio of cellulose in sheep rumens.