国内英语语言测试反拨效应研究回顾与展望——对国内9种主要外语类期刊的统计分析

Review and future directions of domestic researches on washback of English language testing——based on analyses of nine major domestic linguistic journals from 2001 to 2010

文章对近十年(2001年-2010年)国内9种主要外语类期刊上刊载的英语语言测试反拨效应研究文章进行了检索与统计,结果显示:(1)国内对英语语言测试反拨效应的研究发展缓慢,创新性研究成果少;(2)实证性研究与非实证性研究文章篇数相差不大,但以非实证性研究为主;(3)研究涉及以下六个方面的内容:大学英语四、六级考试,专业英语四、八级考试,高考英语测试,小型英语考试,反拨效应与英语语言测试设计,反拨效应理论模型及其形成因素等。通过对上述结果的分析发现,国内反拨效应研究存在的问题主要有研究数量严重不足,实证研究相对缺乏,研究内容不全面,且缺乏创新,缺乏对考试主体的研究。最后,文章针对存在的问题提出了对未来反拨效应研究的几点建议。

This review of articles on washback of English language testing, which are published in nine of major jour- nals of linguistics from 2001 to 2010, shows that the development of the research on washback in China is slow and the achievement is not very satisfying. The numbers of articles of empirical study and non-empirical study are small, hut with the latter one playing a dominant role. And the researches mainly focus on six aspects： CET4＆6, TEM4＆8, NMET, small-scale English tests, washback and language testing design, washback theory and its causes, literature review of washhack and the related book reviews. Analyses of the above results reveal some problems of domestic washback studies, such as insufficient studies on washback, especially empirical ones ; attention inadequately paid to washback of some important English tests; researches lack of innovations. Finally, suggestions for future studies on washback are proposed.