苏伊士危机与苏联再次出兵匈牙利

The Suez Crisis and Soviet Union's Re-dispatching Troops to Hungary

美国、俄罗斯以及东欧国家披露的一些档案及回忆录显示,1956年苏联第二次出兵匈牙利的原因是多方面的。匈牙利事件是对苏联在东欧控制权的严重挑战,苏共领导害怕匈牙利事件会波及整个东欧地区乃至于苏联,从而使整个苏东社会主义阵营毁于一旦。纳吉政府采取骑墙立场并越来越受反动力量的影响,特别是他已不能左右布达佩斯的局势以及美国政府所谓的"不干涉"政策等都是赫鲁晓夫再次出兵的重要原因。影响苏联决策改变的决定性促进因素是1956年10月31日苏伊士危机导致国际形势的突变,即英、法发动的侵埃战争并"频频得手",最终使苏联决心再次以武力解决匈牙利危机,因为苏联决不能让匈牙利投入北约的怀抱,或成为反苏的"桥头堡"。

According to some archives and memoirs publicly announced in America,Russia and East-European countries,there were varieties of reasons for Soviet Union＇s re-dispatching troops to Hungary in 1956.The Hungarian Incident was a grave challenge to Soviet control power on eastern Europe,so the current Soviet leadership feared that it might affect the whole of eastern Europe and even Soviet Union itself and break the Socialist Camp of Soviet Union and eastern Europe.Khrushchev had a series of important reasons for re-dispatching troops,including Nagi government＇s fence-sitting attitude and more and more exposure to reactionary effects,Nagy losing his control over the situation that was happening in Budapest and the U.S.Government＇s so-called non-intervention policy.But the actually decisive impelling element that caused Soviet to change its decision was the Suez Crisis,which led to a sudden change of the world order.Britain and France launched an aggressive war against Egypt and ＂made successive progressions＂,which froze Soviet Union＇s determination to cope with Hungarian Crisis again by force in case Hungary should throw itself into the arms of the NATO or become a ＂bridge tower＂ to Soviet Union.