高速给水曝气生物滤池应用于大型自来水厂的预处理

Application of High-Rate Up-Flow Biological Aerated Filter to Pretreatment for Large-Scale Waterworks

为克服氨氮和有机物对饮用水源的微污染,广州市某水厂首次采用了高速给水曝气生物滤池(HUBAF)生物预处理新工艺,处理规模为73.5万m3/d.工程投产稳定运行后,初期3个月原水氨氮和CODMn分别为0.44～2.22 mg/L和1.84～6.06 mg/L,预处理出水分别小于0.5mg/L和2.0mg/L;原水的铁和锰最高达1.16mg/L和0.22mg/L,出厂水最高达0.05mg/L和0.03mg/L.HUBAF采用大颗粒轻质陶粒并结合流化床技术,对浑浊度的去除平均仅为2.5NTU,生物滤池过滤水头损失稳定在1.0 m以下.其冲洗方式为气水联合上、下冲洗,冲洗前后各滤池的过滤水头损失差不超过0.1m,为共用1套集中鼓风曝气系统创造了条件.与弹性填料接触氧化池和悬浮球流化池等已投入应用的生物预处理技术相比,HUBAF抗冲击负荷能力强,氨氮硝化率高,除铁除锰能力强.HUBAF-常规工艺生物强化集成技术对有机物的去除率与"臭氧-生物活性炭"给水深度净水工艺处于同一水平.

In order to avoid the micro-pollution of drinking water source due to ammonia nitrogen（NH3-N） and organics,for the first time,a waterworks in Guangzhou city adopted the high-rate up-flow biological aerated filter（HUBAF） with a flow rate of 735 thousand ton per day as a pretreatment process.In the first three months after the stable operation,the NH3-N content and CODMn in raw water respectively reached 0.44~2.22 mg/L and 1.84~6.06 mg/L,and those in the pretreatment effluent were respectively below 0.5 mg/L and 2.0 mg/L.Moreover,the iron and manganese contents in the raw water were respectively up to 1.16 and 0.22 mg/L,while those in the waterworks effluent were respectively 0.05 and 0.03 mg/L.Due to the large-particle ceramic filter media combined with fluid-bed technology,the average removal of turbidity was only about 2.5 NTU and the head loss was steadily below 1.0 m.HUBAF adopts an air-water-combined backwashing system with up-and-down flow,which keeps the change of head loss within 0.1 m and makes it possible to share a common aeration system in the filter.The application of HUBAF demonstrates that,as compared with the biological pretreatment technologies that have been put into application,such as the elastic packing-contact oxidation technology and the suspended-ball fluidized technology,HUBAF possesses stronger resistance to impact loading,higher NH3-N nitration rate and better removal of iron and manganese,and that the ＂HUBAF-conventional treatment＂ combined system is of a organics removal similar to that of the ＂O3-BAC＂ advanced process.