学龄前儿童弱视的屈光学筛查

Small pupil retinoscope for the census of pre-schooler's amblyopia

目的在学龄前儿童弱视的普查中,寻求一种客观、快捷、简便、经济适用的有效筛查方法。方法用小瞳检影法进行屈光筛查,对在检影时有逆影动或顺影动>+3.00 DS及两个子午线影动不对称的儿童,视为屈光不正可疑,给1%阿托品眼膏散瞳,每日2次,连续3 d后进行视网膜检影验光,分析屈光状态。结果中度以上的屈光不正(含散光)10只眼,该度数的屈光不正可导致弱视的发生,故弱视的发病率为5.10%。结论小瞳检影法适用于学龄前儿童的弱视普查,普查异常者再进一步散瞳检影验光,由于该方法客观、快捷、简便、经济适用,基层人员只要经过培训即可开展应用,具有推广价值。

Objective To study an objective, quick, simple and economical screening method for the census of the pre-schcoler＇s amblyopia. Methods Refracion sereeing were performed by means of the small pupil retinoscope. Chil- dren who have the direct shade moves or the indirect shade moves 〉 ＋ 3.00 DS and have unsymmetrical shade moves be- tween the tow meridian were considered as the questionable ametrapia refractile errors. 1% Atropine paste were dropped to dilate pupils, twice a day, and retina retionoscopy optometry were examed 3 days later to determine the refraction condi- tion. Results The ametrapia refractile errors （ including astigmatism ） was found in 10 eyes, which may lead to the ambly- opia. The incidence rate of the amblyopia was 5.10%. Conclusion The method of the small pupil retinoscope is effective for the census of the pre-schooler＇s amblyopia. The abnormal of the census should he accepted for further examination with pupil dilation and retinoscopy optometry. As the small pupil retinoscope is objective, quick, simple and economical, it can he applied in the basic level training doctors.