苏州市区儿童肺通气功能正常值及预测值方程式的建立

Reference value and predicted equations of lung function of healthy children in Suzhou

目的建立5～14岁儿童肺通气功能的正常值范围及预测值方程式。方法对苏州市区健康儿童610名,男302名、女308名,采用肺功能仪测定用力肺活量(FVC)、1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)等共19项指标,以实测指标采用SPSS 16.0统计软件,经多元逐步回归和多元线性回归,得出预测值方程式。结果 FVC、FEV1在各年龄组间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);FVC在所有年龄组均为男孩>女孩,7、12、14岁组间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);FEV1在11岁组女孩>男孩,但差异无统计学意义,在其他年龄组则均为男孩>女孩,7、8、14岁组间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。大多数的肺功能指标(如FVC、FEV1、FEV0.5、PEF等)与儿童的身高、体质量、年龄呈正相关,其中FEV1与身高的关系最为密切,且呈指数关系。儿童平均呼气时间2.68 s,外推容积<0.12 L,外推容积占用力肺活量比<4.97%。结论大多数肺功能指标受儿童身高影响超过体质量和年龄变化;儿童肺功能的质量控制标准应与成人不同。

Objective To establish reference value and predicted equations of normal lung function for children of 5 to 14 years old in Suzhou. Methods A survey in 610 healthy children （302 boys, 308 girls） was carried out in Suzhou, 19 testing parameters including forced vital capacity （FVC） and forced expiratory volume at one second （FEVI） were observed. Data was analyzed by software SPSS16.0. Stepwise multiple regression and non-liner regression were applied to build the predicted equations of lung function. Results FVC and FEV1 were significantly different among age grmips in both genders （P 〈 0.01 ）. Between different genders, FVC was higher in boys than that in girls for all age groups; the significant differences were showed in 7, 12 and 14-year-old groups （P 〈 0.05）. FEV1 was higher in boys than that in girls for all age groups except 11-year-old group; the significant differences were observed in 7, 8 and 1.4-year-old groups （P 〈 0.05）. Most of lung function parameters （FVC, FEV1, FEV0.5, PEF） were correlated positively to children＇s height, weight and age. And FEVI presented exponential relationship with height. The average expiratory time of children was 2.68 seconds, volume of back extrapolation was less than 0.12 L, and the ratio of back extrapolative volume to forced vital capacity was less than 4.97%. Conclusions Most of lung function parameters are correlated with height rather than with weight or age. The standard of children＇ s lung function should be set up separately from that of adults.