儿童不同呼吸系统疾病气道反应性特点及其临床价值

Characteristics of airway responsiveness and clinical values of different respiratory diseases in children

目的探讨儿童支气管哮喘、咳嗽变异性哮喘(CVA)和支气管炎等不同呼吸系统疾病气道反应性特点及其临床价值。方法应用Astograph法气道反应性测定技术,对42例哮喘患儿、38例咳嗽变异性哮喘(CVA)患儿、36例支气管炎患儿及30例健康儿童进行气道反应性测定;分别对反映气道敏感性和气道反应性的Dmin、SGrs、PD35等各指标进行统计学分析和评估。结果哮喘组、CVA组和支气管炎组患儿的Dmin、SGrs、PD35等指标均低于健康对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),哮喘组、CVA组与支气管炎组患儿之间比较,差异也有统计学意义(P<0.05),而哮喘组与CVA组患儿比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论哮喘病、CVA和支气管炎等不同呼吸系统疾病患儿的气道反应性及气道敏感性均高于健康儿童,而不同呼吸系统疾病患儿的气道反应性、气道敏感性变化也各不相同,以此可为鉴别诊断提供依据。

Objective To investigate the characteristics of airway responsiveness and clinical values of asthma, cough variant asthma, bronchitis and other respiratory diseases in children. Methods Astograph was applied to measure airway responsiveness for 42 children with asthma, 38 children with cough variant asthma, 36 children with bronchitis and 30 healthy children. Indexes such as Dmin, SGrs and PD35 reflecting airway sensitivity and airway responsiveness were analyzed and assessed statistically. Results Dmin, SGrs, PD35 and other indicators of children in asthma group, CVA group and bronchitis group were lower than those in control group, the differences were statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）. And asthma group and CVA group also had statistically significant differences compared with bronchitis group （P 〈 0.05） , but the difference between asthma group and CVA group was not statistically significant （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusions Airway responsiveness and airway sensitivity of children with different respiratory diseases such as asthma, CVA and bronchitis are higher than those of healthy children, but airway reactivity and airway sensitivity of different respiratory diseases in children are not identical, which may provide a basis for differential diagnosis.