白念珠菌生物被膜基质研究进展

Advances in the matrix of Candida albicans biofilms

近年来,白念珠菌耐药性备受关注,其耐药机制之一是形成生物被膜(biofilm)。生物被膜主要由大量菌细胞及其所分泌的细胞外多聚基质(matrix)将其包裹所构成,基质含有多糖、蛋白、核酸等成分,不仅参与生物被膜的结构组成,也与耐药性密切相关。本文综述了白念珠菌生物被膜基质的组成特点、功能、影响因素、基因调控和药物干预的最新进展,并展望其在生物被膜感染方面作为诊断标志及治疗靶点的潜在应用前景。

Recently, more and more attention was being paid to resistance of Candida albicans to antifungal drugs. One of the resistance mechanisms was attributed to biofilm formation. The biofilms strongly attached to biologic or nonbiologic substrata were mainly made up of communities of microorganisms enclosed within a self-produced extracellular matrix. Consisting of polysaccharides, proteins, nucleic acids, etc. the matrix is not only involved in biofilm structure formation but also closely related to the resistance to therapeutic agents. This review focused on recent information about chemical compositions and properties, functions, influencing factors, gene regulation, and drug treatment of biofilm matrix, and discussed its potential applications as diagnostic marker and therapeutic target.