莎士比亚四大悲剧中心理动词的运用及其艺术和美学效果

本文从认知语言学角度探讨莎翁四大悲剧中心理动词的运用及其艺术效果。心理动词作为语言运用与理解的重要组成部分,一直是认知语言学研究的重点之一。博大精深、富于诗意和哲理的莎士比亚戏剧通过对语言的娴熟运用,深刻反映了人物的内心世界,塑造出众多性格复杂多样、真实生动的人物形象,描绘了五光十色的社会生活图景。其中体现四大悲剧语言魅力的心理动词将哈姆雷特、奥赛罗、麦克白和李尔王强烈的人文主义思想光芒和极具鲜明个性的复杂情感展现无遗。本研究描述和分析了四大悲剧中通过心理动词所显示的"喜、怒、哀、乐、爱、憎、疑、知"等心理表征,并考察了心理动词的认知功能以及对艺术表现技巧所产生的影响,以期深入了解莎翁戏剧所涉及的复杂心理认知过程,开辟一种新的研究途径。

This paper discusses the use .of psych verbs and the artistic effect that results from it in the four great tragedies of Shakespeare from a perspective of cognitive linguistics. As an indispensible part of language use and comprehension, psych verbs have long been regarded as one of the important research topics in cognitive linguistics. Through skillful use of language, Shakespeare tapped the J.nner world of people and created a host of true-to-life characters that are varied in disposition in his profound, poetic and philosophical dramas, thus drawing a vivid picture of social life of his time. In the four great tragedies, the successful use of psych verbs not only endows the language with everlasting glamour, but also highlights the theme of humanism represented by the characters Hamlet, King Lear, Othello, and Macbeth. The present study describes and analyzes the use of psych verbs in relation to such psychologi^ral representations as ＂happiness, indignation, bitterness, ecstasy, hate, doubt, perception,＂ and others. Meanwhile, t]ae study examines the cognitive functions of psych verbs and their influence on the artistic effect of the four great tragedies, aiming to obtain a deeper insight into the sophisticated .cognitive process that is expressed in Shakespearean dramas, and to direct a new research orientation in the study of Shakespeare＇s dramas.