辣椒氮、磷、钾、镁肥效应研究

Response ofCapsicum annuum to Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium and Magnesium

为促进辣椒平衡施肥,以田间试验方法研究辣椒对氮、磷、钾、镁4种营养元素效应,试验表明氮、钾、镁对辣椒产量有显著的影响,与OPT处理相比,OPT-N、OPT-K、OPT-Mg处理分别减产38.2%、36.6%和21.8%。施钾能显著增加辣椒果实维生素C含量。施肥影响到辣椒叶片、茎干和果实对营养成分的吸收。此试验OPT处理的N、P2O5、K2O、MgO肥料利用率分别为22.9%、2.4%、33.4%和4.0%。每形成1000kg辣椒果实吸收3.69kg的N,0.53kg的P2O5,4.15kg的K2O和0.38kg的MgO,辣椒吸收N、P2O5、K2O、MgO的比例约为1:0.14:1.12:0.10。

A field trial with Haijiao No.4 （a Capsicum annuum cv.） was conducted in Chengman County, Hainan, China to investigate effects of balanced fertilizer application with N, P, K and Mg on its yield, fruit quality, plant nutrient content and nutrient uptake. It is found that the fruit yield was significantly influenced by N, K and Mg fertilizers. Application of P had no effect on fruit production. Yields decreased by 38.2 %, 36.6% and 21.8 % in the treatments of PKMg, NPMg and NPK, respectively. K fertilizer significantly increased the vitamin C content in the fruits. Balanced fertilizer application increased nutrient content in leaves and stalks and improved nutrient uptake by plant. The use effieiencies of N, P205, K20 and MgO under the balanced fertilizer application were 22.9 %, 2.4 %, 33.4 % and 4.0 %, respectively. When 1000 kg fruits were produced, the absorbed N, P205, K20 and MgO were 3.69, 0.53, 4.15 and 0.38 kg, respectively. The absorption ratio of N, P, K and Mg was 1：0.14：1.12：0.10.