中国农村土地纠纷中农民的心理状况分析及认知调整

Farmer's Psychological Analysis and Cognitive Adjustment in China's Rural Land Disputes

旨在分析农村土地纠纷过程中农民的心理认知状况,并提出调整认知偏差的对策性建议。以社会心理学相关理论为基础,通过梳理农村土地纠纷中农民的心理状态,探索土地纠纷发生的心理因素。从心理学的角度看,土地纠纷发生和加剧的原因有:农民的相对剥夺感:与城市居民相比、与其他农民个体相比、与自己过去相比而产生的相对剥夺感;官民之间信息不畅导致土地纠纷矛盾升级,包括信息流通方式对农村社会关系的影响、官民信息沟通不畅的影响因素及不良后果;农民对土地纠纷事件的归因模式偏差和不良的认知方法。因此,应当在政府宏观引导的基础上加强农民个体心理疏导机制,对农民的认知偏差状况进行调整。

The purpose of this paper was to analyze farmers ＇ cognitive status in the process of land disputes in rural areas, and to present the countermeasures and suggestion of adjusting cognitive bias. Based on the theory of social psychology, some psychological factors of land dispute were explored by sorting out the farmers ＇ psychological state in land disputes in rural areas. From a psychological point of view, the reasons of land dispute were summarized from the following aspects. The first was that the farmer ＇ s relative deprivation was produced by comparing with urban residents, other farmers, and their own past. The second was that the poor public information communication between the officer and farmer led to the land disputes, including the effects of information circulation means on rural social relations, some influencing factors of poor communication between the government and the farmer, and adverse consequences. The third was that the deviations in the attributional mode of farmers to the land disputes and bad cognitive approach. Therefore, the government should strengthen the individual psychological counseling mechanism of farmers on the basis of government macro guidance and should adjust the cognitive bias status of farmers.