施肥对南果梨叶片叶绿素含量及光合特性的影响

Effect of Fertilize on Chlorophyll Contents and Photosynthetic Characteristics of‘ Nanguo ’Pear

从高产施肥的角度,采用无土基质栽培的方式,研究了不同施肥处理对2a生南果梨树叶片的叶绿素含量和光合作用的影响。结果表明:叶片叶绿素含量在6月底至7月中旬以及果实膨大期会出现下降;随着施N、P肥量的增加而增加;随着施K肥量的增加呈先上升后又下降的趋势,叶绿素降解同时伴有红叶现象;这与前人研究和生产中诊断相一致。南果梨叶片叶绿素含量与净光合速率、气孔导度和水分利用率之间变化趋势一致,而胞间CO2浓度和蒸腾速率变化趋势一致,且与前者相反。以叶绿素含量为基础,光合作用为目标条件,其适宜施肥配比为1∶0.48∶0.41,适宜施肥量分别为N:1.88g/盆、P2O5:0.9g/盆、K2O:0.75g/盆。

The effect of different fertilizer treatments on chlorophyll contents and photosynthetic characteristics of ＇Nanguo＇ pear with soilless cultivation way from the point of view of high yield fertilization were studied. The results showed that the content of chlorophyll would be to fall between the end of June,mid-July and fruit expands the period~ With the increase of N,P was increased ~ Along with the increase of K was rising,which trend was after rising to drop,at the same time chlorophyll degradation with red leaves phenomenon. These results were agree with predecessors research and production of diagnosis. The chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and water use efficiency changes had the same tendency, Which had opposite trend with intercellular CO~ concentration and transpiration rate. The optimum fertilizer program with chlorophyll content for the foundation and photosynthesis as the goal conditions as indicator were as follow： N.1. 88 g/basin,P2O5：0. 9 g/basin, .K2O.0. 75 g/basin and the appropriate ratio for fertilizer 1 ： 0. 48： 0. 41.