紧身压迫对踏蹬至疲劳过程中股直肌表面肌电特征的影响

Effect of Tight-fitting Sportswear on Characteristics of sEMG on Rectus Femoris during Cycling Motion to Fatigue

目的：利用表面肌电指标定量反映中度和高度紧身压迫在恒定负荷踏蹬至疲劳过程中对股直肌sEMG特征的影响，并探讨其内在机制，以期为紧身运动服装在运动实践中的应用提供科学理论依据。方法：以12名年龄在20～25岁之间的健康男性大学生为试验对象，在3种不同程度紧身压迫状态下，分别以中强度和大强度负荷在功率自行车上进行恒速踏蹬运动至疲劳，共计6次测试；在对受试者一侧下肢股直肌的iEMG和MPF肌电指标进行监测记录和信号处理后，采用双因素方差分析进行试验数据间差异的统计和比较。结果：（1）与无紧身压迫相比，外加中度紧身压迫在中等强度踏蹬运动中，对股直肌iEMG及MPF的整体变化特征无明显影响；（2）外加中度紧身压迫在大强度踏蹬运动后期，以及外加高度紧身压迫在中强度踏蹬运动后期，均使股直肌iEMG（％）值的总体增长幅度较无紧身压迫时有所减少，MPF（％）值的总体降低趋势较无紧身压迫时有所下降；（3）外加高度紧身压迫在大强度踏蹬运动后期，使股直肌iEMG（％）值的总体增长幅度较无紧身压迫时有所增加，MPF（％）值的总体降低趋势较无紧身压迫时有所上升。

Objective： Indicators related to sEMG were quantitatively used to reflect the influence of the medium and high tight compression on variation characteristics of sEMG on rectus femoris during cycling motion, and to explore its internal mechanism, for the purpose of providing scientific and theoret- ical evidence for application in sports practice. Methods： Selected 12 healthy male college students aged 20 to 25 years as experimental subjects, who had no cycling training experience, cycling uniformly in moderate-intensity and high-intensity load to fatigue with bicycle ergometer at three kinds of different compression degrees. Then took monitoring record of iEMG and MPF indicators on rectus femoris throughout the motion process. Compared the differences beiween each set of data at different motion states by two-factor variance analysis after standardized processing of the original sEMG,. Results： 1 ）Com- pared with no tight compression, applied medium compression had no significant effect on overall variation characteristics of iEMG and MPF on rectus femoris during cycling motion in moderate-intensity load to fatigue; 2） Applied medium compression in high-intensity load had the same effect with ap- plied high compression in moderate-intensity load that made the increasing range of iEMG （%） decreased and the decreasing trend of MPF （%） declined as compared with that of no compression during the later stage of cycling motion to fatigue; 3） Applied high compression in high-intensity load made the increasing range of iEMG （%） on rectus femoris increased and the decreasing trend of MPF （%） on rectus femoris risen as compared with that of no com- pression during the later stage of cycling motion to fatigue.