内蒙古自治区包头市土壤地球化学特征与环境评价

Geochemical Characteristics of the Soil from Baotou City,Inner Mongolia and Its Environmental Assessment

包头市是内蒙古自治区境内最大的工业城市,随着工业生产的迅速发展,生态环境问题日益突出,本文利用近年来在本区开展的多目标区域生态地球化学调查成果,依托多目标生态地球化学调查提供的土壤元素指标的含量值、背景值及区域空间分布图等丰富的地球化学资料,重点对包头市生态环境进行调查,对包头市土壤元素地球化学特征进行统计分析研究,通过研究土壤中镉、汞等重金属元素的空间分布特征、物质来源,运用内梅罗指数法对包头市土壤环境质量及环境污染状况进行了评价。结果表明,除以冶炼为主的局部地段受到明显的人为污染外,其余地区环境质量总体良好。评价结果对包头市今后的环境规划和环境治理提供了科学依据。

The Baotou city is the largest industrial city in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,where the problem of ecological environment becomes increasingly serious along with the rapid industrial development.Based on the multi-objective geochemical survey in the region,this paper investigated the ecological environment using element values,background values and regional element distribution maps.Studies of soil mercury,cadmium heavy metal elements and the spatial distribution were carried out to assess the environmental pollution in Baotou city using the Nemerow index method.The result shows that the local area mainly dominated by smelting is significantly polluted,and environment quality in the rest areas is good in general.The assessment results provide a scientific basis for environmental planning and environment management of the Baotou city in the future.