富集培养下不同渤海沉积物中铁还原菌的群落结构差异

Difference of Iron-reducing Bacteria Community Structure in Bohai Sediments under Enrichment Culture

以不同水质海区的渤海沉积物为材料,在葡萄糖为碳源富集条件下,经室内恒温短期厌氧培养后,采用细菌16SrDNA的PCR-RFLP技术分析沉积物中铁还原菌的多样性变化。结果显示,用限制性内切酶HhaⅠ进行PCR-RFLP分析铁还原菌共获得9个酶切分型(OTUs);采用α多样性测度对试验结果进行分析统计表明,不同处理的Shannon-Wiener指数(H′)和Simpson指数(Ds)大小均为14C>14P>6P>3C>6C>3P;Margalef指数(dMa)为14P>6P>14C>6C>3C>3P;物种均匀度指数(E)为14C>3C>14P>6P>6C>3P。各处理都出现相同的优势类型,且存在比例上的不同。通过对部分铁还原菌16SrDNA序列比对发现,获得的铁还原菌大多为厚壁菌门的芽孢杆菌和类芽孢杆菌。与对照相比,葡萄糖富集培养改变不同水质海区铁还原菌群落结构组成。

The diversity changes of iron-reducing bacteria from different marine areas of Bohai sediments were analyzed by 16S rDNA-RFLP technique. The bacteria were treated by glucose enrichment culture under short-term anaerobic condition, previously. The results showed that, digesting 16S rDNA of iron-reducing bacteria by Hha I resulted in 9 RFLP types（OTUs） ; a diversity index indicated that, both the change trends of Shannon-Wiener index （H＇） and Simpson index （Ds） were 14C〉14P 〉6P 〉3C〉6C 〉3P; Margalef index （dMa） change trend was 14P〉6P〉14C〉6C〉3C〉3P; species evenness index （E） followed by 14C〉3C〉14P〉6P〉6C〉3P. Different treatments had same dominant bacterial patterns, but the proportions were dissimilar. It was found that most of the bacteria obtained in this research belonged to Bacillus sp. and Paenibacillus sp. in family Firmicutes by alignment of partial iron-reducing bacteria 16S rDNA sequence. Compared with control treatment, the glucose enrichment culture could change the community structure of iron-reducing bacteria from different marine sediments.