甜瓜中间砧对嫁接西瓜生长及品质的影响

Effects of Melon Interstock on Growth and Fruit Quality of Grafted Watermelon

以"京欣2号"西瓜为接穗,"伊丽莎白"甜瓜为中间砧,"德高铁柱"南瓜为砧木,研究甜瓜中间砧嫁接、常规嫁接与自根西瓜的植株生长和西瓜果实品质之间的差异。结果表明,甜瓜中间砧嫁接西瓜生长势比自根西瓜生长势强,叶绿素质量分数和根系活力均比自根西瓜高;果实中的可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、维生素C质量分数显著高于常规嫁接,可滴定酸质量分数低于常规嫁接;保留2片甜瓜真叶的中间砧对西瓜品质的影响效果更为显著,并提高果实的可溶性蛋白质量分数。综合分析表明,甜瓜中间砧嫁接既保持常规嫁接的强生长势,又显著提高西瓜的品质。

Effects of grafted watermelon with iterstock, traditional grafted watermelon and self-root watermelon on plant growth and fruit quality were studied by using ＂Jingxin No. 2＂ watermelon as the scion, the ＂Elisabeth＂ melon as the interstock, and ＂Degaotiezhu＂ pumpkin as the rootstock. The results showed that grafted watermelon with melon interstock grew better than self-rootstock. The chlorophyll contents and root vigor in interstock were higher than in self-root watermelon. The mass fraction of soluble solids, soluble sugar and vitamin C of the fruit in the interstock grafting were sig- nificantly higher than in traditional grafted watermelon, whereas the titratable acid content was obvi- ously lower. Keeping two leaves of the melon interstock had more significant effects on the fruit quality of grafted watermelon, and this treatment increased the content of soluble protein. Above all, the results showed that grafting with melon interstock could significantly improve the fruit quality of watermelon as well as keep high growth vigor of traditional grafting.