工业化国家城镇化的三次革命与中国城镇化道路创新

Three Revolutions of Urbanization in Industrialized Countries and an Innovative Urbanization in China

城镇化是人类社会发展的必然趋势,城市化能否持续、健康发展,直接影响到中国经济社会的发展。而城市化的健康与否,与城市化过程中所采取的途径和方式,即城镇化的发展模式有很大的关系。本文从城镇化历史进程中城乡关系变化的视角出发,对英、法、德、美等工业化国家的城镇化演进过程进行比较研究,认为这些国家的百年城镇化演进都连续地发生了三次可称之为革命的变化。依次为:向"城市病"宣战、"农村转变城市"兴起、"区域网络型"城镇化模式形成。三次革命在客观上显示了现代城镇化演变的规律性特征。以此作反思,中国特色城镇化道路,理应是一条既遵循历史发展规律,又能够很好地吸取历史教训,且具有一定前瞻性的道路。

Urbanization is an inevitable trend of development of human society. It would impact on economic and social development of China directly whether urbanization is able to get sustainability and healthy development. Whether the development of urbanization is healthy that has a great relationship with the way and means which adopted in urbanization process, namely, the development model of urbanization. The authors have a comparative study of the evolution of urbanization of Britain, France, Germany, the United States and other industrialized countries from the perspective of urban-rural relations changing of the historical process of urbanization. Since the 20th century, a hundred years, the rapid evolution of international urbanization, three occurred continuously be called revolutionary change. The first time, it is declaration of war to the ＂urban disease＂ . The second time, it is that＂ rural urban transition rise＂. The third time, area network-based urbanization pattern is formatting. Three times revolution in the objective is displayed on the regularity of the evolution of modern urbanization characteristics. As for the reflection, the road of urbanization with Chinese characteristics, is supposed to follow a law of historical development, in the face with a full identification of the past and could well learn from the revolutionary doctrine, certain forward-looking and future-oriented to form the road with a larger value of innovation.