奶牛活体采卵的影响因素分析

Influence Factors of Ovum Picking-up in Cows

针对活体生物材料缺乏,活体采卵技术(Ovum pick-up)应运而生,因其具有系谱清楚适于科学研究而成为获取卵母细胞的主要途径之一。因此,研究活体采卵影响因素具有重要意义。就活体采卵在采卵间隔周期、超排处理、高产牛所处年龄段、患繁殖疾病与否及连续采卵进行试验,研究其采卵效率及对卵巢生理机能的影响。结果显示,①采卵间隔时间不同,以每周2次采卵所获卵母细胞数要多于每周1次的,差异不显著,但每周2次的优质卵母细胞率高于每周1次,且差异显著;②经超排处理后获卵母细胞数显著高于对照组,优质卵母细胞率有所提高,差异不显著;③青年牛和成年牛的平均获卵数和优质卵母细胞率差异均不显著;④健康牛平均获卵数显著高于患有繁殖疾病的牛只,优质卵母细胞率也显著高于患牛;⑤奶牛连续采卵和1次采卵的平均获卵率和优质卵母细胞率差异均不显著。综上,奶牛活体采卵受很多因素的影响,上述5方面的因素为主要影响因素。

To deal with the lack of biological materials, ovum pick-up （OPU） becomes one of the solutions, and owed to being obtained from clear pedigree cows, the oocytes are suitable for breeding and scientific research. This research studied on the influence factors of ovum pick-up such as OPU inter- vals, superovulation protocols, age, physical condition, and continuous OPU, effect on oocytes production and ovarian physiological function. The results showed that （1）the average oocytes number obtained from twice a week OPU was more than that from once a week and had no significantly difference. However,the quality of oocytes from twice a week OPU was significantly higher than that from once a week. （2） The average number of oocytes obtained from superovulation treatment group was significantly more than that from control group. However, the quality oocytes rates were not significantly different between the two groups. （3） The average number and quality of oocytes obtained from heifers and adults showed no difference. （4） The average number and quality of oocytes obtained healthy cows were significantly higher than that from cows with reproduction diseases. （5）There were no significant differences between repeated and primary OPU. In conclusion, the effects of cow ovum pick-up were affected by many factors, among them these five aspects mentioned above were very important, the overcoming of the influence of factors will promote the cow breeding technology.