阅读与演唱价值的失衡——论辛弃疾以文为词及其案头化倾向

Unbalance between Reading and Singing Value——On XIN Qi-ji's Essay as Ci and Its Writing Tendency

辛弃疾对散文句法的灵活运用,使词呈现出鲜明的散文化特征。辛弃疾以文为词的创作方式,使词脱离了词体的束缚,解放了词体,然而却增加了听众听唱时的难度,降低了人们听赏词的审美感受,人们更期待在阅读中获得精神的愉悦和情绪的宣泄。同时,辛弃疾常常突破词的固有声律,以词律就词意,这也削弱了辛词在音乐方面的传播能力,使其更容易在阅读价值上被认知。辛弃疾在树立词坛典范的同时,极大地背离了词体,他的创作典型地折射着词体发展的历史方向,在词史上有着重要的意义。

XIN Qi-ji makes flexible use of the syntax of essay and leads Ci to presenting a clear essay characteristic. XIN＇s having essay as Ci leads Ci to breaking from the restriction of the style, but adding difficulty when the audience listens to it and thus reducing the aesthetic feelings of the listeners. The lis- teners expect to get relieved by reading the essay. Moreover XIN breaks the fixed rhythm of Ci and makes rhythm serve the meaning and thus reducing the musical transmission function of Ci, which can only be recognized in the reading value. XIN deviates from the style of Ci by setting a new example, which reflects the development of Ci and has a great significance.