橄榄蛏蚌血细胞形态及吞噬能力的初步研究

A Preliminary Study on Morphology and Phagocytic Ability of Hemocytes from Solenaia oleivora(Bivalvia:Unionidae)

对橄榄蛏蚌(Solenaia oleivora)血细胞的形态特征和吞噬作用进行了初步研究。基于瑞氏染色后血细胞的形态、颜色、大小等特征,可将橄榄蛏蚌的血细胞分为大颗粒细胞、小颗粒细胞、透明细胞、类淋巴细胞共4种类型。透明细胞的直径最大,小颗粒细胞次之,类淋巴细胞最小;透明细胞的胞核直径最大,小颗粒细胞次之,大颗粒细胞最小。类淋巴细胞的核质比最大(0.67),其他3种细胞的核质比为0.37～0.48。4种血细胞所占比例以小颗粒细胞最高(43.6%),透明细胞次之(36.6%),类淋巴细胞最低(7.0%)。橄榄蛏蚌平均血细胞浓度为(4.21±1.51)×105个/mL,个体的血细胞浓度与体重(或壳长)不相关(P>0.05),不同体重组(或壳长组)的平均血细胞浓度无显著差异(P>0.05)。在37℃体外吞噬试验中,橄榄蛏蚌血细胞对金黄色葡萄球菌的吞噬比例为(43.6±7.0)%,吞噬指数为(0.743±0.145)。4种血细胞中,小颗粒细胞的吞噬比例最大(0.288±0.061),类淋巴细胞不具吞噬能力。

The morphology and phagocytosis of hemocytes from Solenaia oleivora were preliminarily studied in this paper. Based on the characteristics in morphology, colour and size of hemocytes with Wright＇s staining, four types of hemocytes were recognized, including large granulocyte, small granuloeyte, hyalinocyte and lymphoid hemocyte. The results showed that the hyalinoeytes had the largest cell diameters, followed by the small granulocytes, while the lymphoid hemocytes were the smallest. The nuclear diameters of the hyalinocytes were the largest, followed by the small granuloeytes, and the large granuloeytes were the smallest. The N/C ratio （ Nuclear diameter/Cell diameter） of the lymphoid hemocytes was the highest （0.67）, and those for other three hemocytes ranged from 0.37 to 0.48. The small granuloeytes had the highest proportion to total hemocytes （43.6%）, followed by the hyalinocytes （36.6%） , and the proportion of the lymphoid hemoeytes was the smallest （7.0%）. The mean concentration of hemoeytes in S. oleivora was （4.21 ± 1.51 ） ×10^5 cells/mL. No correlations were observed between individual hemocyte concentration and body weight （or shell length）, and no significant differences were found among mean hemocyte concentrations in different body weight groups （ or shell length groups） （P 〉 0.05 ）. In an in vitro phagpcytic experiment at 37℃, the hemocytes of S. oleivora could phagpcytize Staphylococus aureus, and their phagocytic ratio and phagocytic index were （43.6 ± 7.0） % and （0. 743 ± 0. 145 ）, respectively. Of four hemocytes, the small granulocytes had the highest phagpcytic ratio （0. 288±0. 061 ） and appeared to be more efficient in phagocytosis than other hemoeytes, while the lymphoid hemocytes exhibited no phagocytic ability for S. aureus.