水热法可控合成二氧化钛纳米晶及其在染料敏化太阳能电池中的应用

Controllable hydrothermal synthesis of nanocrystal TiO_2 particles used in dye sensitized solar cells

本文报道了水热法可控合成二氧化钛纳米晶及其在染料敏化太阳能电池中的应用.选择合适的有机碱胶化剂,能很好地控制二氧化钛纳米晶的生长,形成不同形貌和粒径的锐钛矿型二氧化钛纳米晶颗粒.染料敏化太阳能电池光电性能测试结果表明,以四乙基氢氧化铵为胶化剂合成的边长为8～13nm的正方形二氧化钛纳米晶构成的光阳极光电性能优于以四丁基氢氧化铵为胶化剂合成的边长为7～10nm的正方形二氧化钛纳米晶以及长18～35nm,宽10～18nm的长方形二氧化钛纳米晶构成的光阳极.用较高浓度的四甲基氢氧化铵胶化剂能合成球形或椭球形亚微米级二氧化钛颗粒,以其为散射中心在光阳极中构建散射层,染料敏化太阳能电池的光电转换效率能由6.77%提高到8.18%.

A simple method for the controllable hydrothermal synthesis of nanocrystalline anatase TiO2（nc-TiO2） particles involving the selection of suitable organic alkali peptizing agents is reported.A dye-sensitized solar cell（DSSC） with square-like nc-TiO2 particles with side lengths about 8-13 nm — prepared using tetraethylammonium hydroxide（TEAOH）—in the photoelectrode showed higher photovoltaic performance than two other DSSCs with square-like nc-TiO2 particles with side lengths about 7-10 nm — prepared using tetrabutylammonium hydroxide — or elongated nc-TiO2 particles with lengths about 18-35 nm and width about 10？18 nm — prepared using tetramethylammonium hydroxide（TMAOH）—in the photoelectrodes.When a scattering layer prepared from sub-micron size spheres or cone-like nc-TiO2 particles—synthesized using a higher concentration of TMAOH—was added on top of the the photoelectrode fabricated from nc-TiO2 synthesized with TEAOH,the energy conversion efficiency of the DSSC was markedly increased from 6.77% to 8.18%.