王夫之“乾坤并建”的诠释面向——以《周易外传》为中心

Aspects of Wang Fuzhi's Interpretation on the Combined Establishment of Qian and Kun: A Study Centered on An Alternative Interpretation ofThe Book of Changes

乾坤并建是王夫之解易的重要体例,也是他的哲学思想在易学上的鲜明体现。在《周易外传》中,对乾坤并建的诠释集中在以下三个方面:其一,对以邵雍为代表的象数学进行批判,以突出天地的本体地位和对万物的统领作用;其二,对乾坤所代表的知与能、易与简、纯与杂进行阐发,彰显乾与坤在万物的存在与运动中的不同作用:乾给万物以存在及其性质,坤给万物以存在之展开与性质发生功效的能量。乾为健,坤为顺;乾始物,坤成物;万物为杂,乾坤为纯,万物在健与顺的共同作用下产生与运行。其三,太极有易以有于易,代表天地总体的太极就体现在万物之中,太极与万物是体与用的关系,以此拒斥道家的宇宙生成论。

The combined establishment of Qian and Kun is an important stylistic rule of Wang Fuzhi＇s Al- ternative Interpretation of The Book of Changes and also is a distinctive manifestation of his philosophy. In the book, Wang＇s explanation of the combined establishment of Qian with Kun includes three aspects： First, to criticize the theory of numbers and emblems represented by Shao Yong ; Second, to expound the knowledge and energy, the easy and the simple, and the pure and the mixed that are represented by Qian and Kun; third, Tai Chi contains everything and is contained in everything.