基于重金属多形态-生物毒活性权重体系的生态危害指数模型

Improved Potential Ecological Risk Index Model for Heavy Metal Pollution in Soil Based on the System of Multi-speciational Heavy Metal's Biology-toxicity Weighting

针对Hakanson潜在生态危害指数模型的不足,纳入了对重金属多形态生态毒活性差异的考量,建立了基于重金属多形态-生物毒活性权重体系的改进生态危害指数模型.将其应用于新乡市郊区蔬菜基地土壤重金属污染的评价,结果表明该区域土壤中Cd,Ni,Zn,Cu和Cr的污染程度等级分别为5级、3级、1级、1级、1级,Cd和Ni可能造成严重的生态危害,亟需有关部门关注及治理.经与原模型评价结果的对比分析,表明所建优化评价模型能更全面、真实地综合表征评价区域土壤中重金属污染的潜在生态风险,为科学决策提供了理论基础.

With consideration of drawbacks in the Hakanson potential ecological risk index model, a improved model based on system of the multi-speciational heavy metals＇ biology-toxicity weighting was established. Furthermore, as a model case, the farmland of Xinxiang was used to test and verify the optimized model. The result showed the potential ecological risk index of heavy metal pollution about Cd, Ni, Zn, Cu and Cr were 5,3,1,1,1, respectively. According to the intercomparison with results of the original model, it dem- onstrated the optimized model quantized the potential ecological risk of heavy metal in a more reasonable way,and made a better basis for the scientific decision-making.