真空制备木薯淀粉超吸水材料

Vacuum Synthesis of Cassava Starch Graft Poly(acrylic acid) of Super Absorbent Polymer

采用真空技术成功制备了一种木薯淀粉(CS)-g-丙烯酸(AA)超吸水材料。在AA与CS质量比2.5∶1,过硫酸钾0.07 g,30%wt氢氧化钠水溶液中和度(摩尔比)20%,N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺0.14%(占AA重)条件下,65℃真空恒温反应3 h,干燥后得超吸水材料(CS-SAP)。一定温度湿度条件下,不同形状CS-SAP吸液能力及保水性能有一定差别,保留4%凝胶残重的材料保水时间最长可达28 d;材料吸去离子水倍率高达1316.8(g/g)、自来水673.1(g/g)、0.9%NaCl水溶液54.8(g/g)、人工尿液63.0(g/g)。接枝反应及材料吸水结构经FTIR,SEM,PM表征。

In the paper, a superabsorbent polymer was first prepared by vacuum gratt copolymerization of cassava starch and acrylic acid, with potassium persulfate as an initiator, N,N＇- methylene diacrylamide as crosslinking agent. The reaction conditions were 2.5 mass ratio of acrylic acid to cassava starch, 0.14 % mass ratio of crosslinker to acrylic acid, initiator 0.07 g, 20 % neutralization degree of acrylic acid （Using a mass percentage of 30 % sodium hydroxide solution）; polymerization at 65 ℃for 3 h under vacuum. Different shapes of materials had some differences about water absorption rate and water retention. In a certain temperature and humidity conditions, the retention time of 4 % residual weight of water gel can reach to 28 d. The water-absorbing rate of the prepared resin can reach 1316.8（g/g）at room temperature. The saline water （0.9 % NaCl） absorbency was 54.8（g/g）, water absorbency in tap water and in synthetic urine in 24 h was about 673.1 （g/g）and 63.0（g/g）. Grafting reaction and structure of CS-SAP characterization by FTIR, SEM, PM.