民国时期的中师合并与分离

Combination and Separation of High School and Normal School in the Republican Period

基于"利用"、"自由"和"效率"等理念,在壬戌学制改革和大学区制试验的推动下,1920年代前后出现了中学与师范合并设置的情况。但中师合并不仅未解决中学普通教育不良的问题,还制约了师范教育的发展,并造成了学校行政方面的压力。因此,自1920年代后期始,主张师范独立的声势日益强大,并最终于1930年代初促成了中师分离。中师合并与分离的过程,有助于我们思考制度良莠与努力程度、模仿国外与立足本土、下行改革与上行改革、教育问题与管理问题的关系。

Based on the idea of practicability, freedom and efficiency, it appeared the combination of high school and nor- mal school driven by the reform of 1922 school system and university district in the late 1910s and early 1920s. However, the combination of high school and normal school did not solve the problem of general education, but impeded the develop- ment of normal school, and put new pressure on the administration of high school. So, the voice that objected to the combi- nation of high school and normal school had increased in the late 1920s, and it eventually facilitated the separation of high school and normal school in the early 1930s. This process of combination and separation cause us to think several couples of relationships as follows ： institution quality and effort level, imitating foreign models and thinking local situation, bottom - up reform and top -down reform, and education and administration.