钙化对甲状腺肿瘤良恶性判断的意义及其分子生物学机制

The analysis of the calcification in differentiating malignant thyroid neoplasm and the molecular mechanisms for the formation of the calcification

许多恶性肿瘤和一些良性肿瘤中存在钙化现象,如甲状腺肿瘤,乳房肿瘤,肾黏液性腺癌,前列腺癌和颅咽管瘤等。甲状腺肿瘤中的钙化现象十分普遍,在甲状腺的影像学检查中,包括超声检查、X线平片、CT等常会检出钙化,通过活检组织病理检查也会观察到钙化现象。

Summary The purpose of this review is to investigate the value of the calcification in differentiating malig- nant thyroid neoplasm and the molecular mechanisms for the formation of the calcification. Many published reports have proved the presence of calcifiations in thyroid neoplasm and calcified nodules in these studies are more fre- quently malignant than noncalcified nodules. Through viewing the related references, we found that psammoma bodies（PBs）, Runx2, osteocalcin, osteopontin, CD44v6 play an important role in the molecular mechanisms in the formation of the calcification in PTC. But further study is required for elucidating the mode of action.