天津市饮用水水源性高碘分布特征研究

Research on distribution status of high water iodine in Tianjin

目的了解天津市饮用水水碘分布特征,确定是否存在水源性高碘及水源性高碘的分布情况。方法采用普查的方式进行,对天津市全部的涉农区县以村为单位,对深层饮用地下水源进行水碘含量检测。水碘含量检测采用砷铈催化分光光度法,评价按国标《水源性高碘地区和地方性高碘甲状腺肿病区的划定》的标准确定。结果调查的149个乡镇中,有40个乡镇水碘中位数小于10μg/L,占26.85%,属于低水碘地区;有94个乡镇水碘中位数在10～150μg/L之间,占63.09%,属于适水碘地区;有11个乡镇水碘中位数在150～300μg/L之间,占7.38%,属于水源性高碘地区,有4个乡镇水碘中位数大于300μg/L,占2.68%,按国家标准暂划为水源性高碘病区。结论天津市存在水源性高碘现象,主要分布在静海县和大港区。应进一步开展高碘对健康的影响及干预措施的研究。

Objective To explore the distribution status of high water iodine in Tianjin, in order to make sure whether there are high water iodine, and to master the distribution status. Methods Water samples were taken from deep phreatic water wells in all the villages of farming-related districts and counties in Tianjin, and iodine concentration tests were performed to the water samples. Iodine concentration tests were performed in arsenic-cerium spectrophotometry, and evaluated according to the national standard （Determination and classi- fication of the areas of high water iodine and the endemic areas of iodine excess goiter）. Results Water sampies were taken and tested from all 149 townships： median of water iodine concentration from 40 townships （26.85% ） were below 10μg/L, classified as low water iodine areas; median of water iodine concentration from 94 townships （63.09%） were 10-150μg/L , classified as normal water iodine areas; median of water iodine concentration from 11 townships （7.38%） were 150-300μg/L , classified as areas of high water iodine; median of water iodine concentration from 4 townships （7.38%） were above 300 μg/L , classified as endemic areas of iodine excess goiter. Conclusions There are high water iodine in Tianjin, distributing in Jinghai county and Dagang district. Researches on influences of high water iodine on health and intervention should be performed in the future.