平顶山市2004-2010年麻疹流行病学分析

Analysis on the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Pingdingshan from 2004 to 2010

目的分析平顶山市2004-2010年麻疹流行状况,为加速控制和消除麻疹提供科学依据。方法对平顶山市2004-2010年法定传染病疫情报告资料和麻疹监测资料进行流行病学分析。结果平顶山市2004-2010年共报告麻疹2 825例,年均发病率为8.12/10万,每年3～6月为发病高峰;男女发病率差异有统计学意义,发病以0～3岁组发病率最高,7岁以下儿童发病居多,占发病总数的72.92%;全市各县市区均有麻疹病例报告;麻疹监测系统报告的本地病例中无免疫史占19.61%,流动病例中无免疫史占31.82%;2004-2010年全市共报告40起麻疹、风疹暴发疫情,均经过实验室确认。结论常规免疫接种率和首针及时接种率不高是麻疹高发的主要原因,提高易感人群麻疹疫苗免疫覆盖率,是控制、消除麻疹的有效手段。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Pingdingshan form 2004 to 2010 , and to provide a scientific basis on accelerating measles control and elimination. Methods To analyze the data from routine report system for infectious disease and measles surveillance system from 2004 to 2010. Results From 2004 to 2010, there were 2825 measles cases reported in Pingdingshan, which mainly occurred during March-June, and the incidence was 8. 12 per 100, 000~ The difference of incidence between gender was significant~ Most of the cases were children younger than 7 years old , which account for 72.92%of total, and the incidence in children during 0-3 years old was highest. The cases occurred among all the city; The cases without vaccination history accounted for 19.61 ~ in local cases, and that accounted for 31.82 ~//00 in floating ca- ses; There were 40 measles outbreaks from 2004 to 2010, all of which were confirmed by laboratory. Conclusions The lower incidence of routine immunization and the lower timely vaccination rate of first dose is the main reason caused high incidence of measles. The most effective solution for controlling and eliminating mea sles is to increase immunization coverage rate of measles vaccine.