熟练蒙汉双语者语义加工脑机制的fMRI分析

Functional MRI analysis of semantics processing in skilled Mongolian-Chinese bilingual people

目的探讨熟练蒙汉双语者在蒙语和汉语语义信息加工的脑机制。方法对15右利手、蒙汉双语熟练的健康志愿者(男8名,女7名)进行fMRI测试,分析采用蒙语及汉语词语的语义判断任务。应用AFNI软件分析两种语言任务的脑功能激活情况及其差异。结果在汉语及蒙语语义信息加工过程中,语义加工的经典脑区均被激活,包括左侧颞中回、左侧后顶叶、左侧前额叶等区域。比较加工蒙语及汉语的语义信息过程,蒙语任务下左侧楔回及右侧梭状回的激活显著增加,汉语任务下在左侧颞中回后部、左侧额中回及额下回三角部、左侧顶上小叶的脑激活比蒙语显著增加。结论熟练蒙汉双语者在加工蒙语及汉语时,存在功能加工脑区的分离。fMRI研究能为双语者的语言加工脑机制提供影像学依据。

Objective To explore the brain mechanism of the semantics processing in skilled Mongolian-Chinese bilingual people with fMRI. Methods Fifteen right-handed skilled Mongolian-Chinese bilingual healthy volunteers （male 8, female 7） underwent fMRI to judge visual words in Mongolian or Chinese. Localized functional areas of brain were analyzed in AF- NI, and the difference was detected as well. Results fMRI demonstrated the activation of left middle temporal gurus, left post-parietal lobe and left prefrontal lobe in the visual Chinese and Mongolian semantic tasks. Mongolian and Chinese se- mantic tasks were compared, and more activation in the left cuneus gyrus and right fusiform gyrus were found in the Mon- golian tasks, while more activation in the left posterior temporal gyrus, the left superior parietal lobe, the left middle fron- tal gyrus and the triangle par of the inferior frontal gyrus were found in the Chinese tasks. Conclusion The brain functional segregation of the semantics processing exits in skilled Mongolian-Chinese bilingual people, fMRI can provide imaging in- formation for analysis of the brain mechanism of language processing in bilinguals.