基因芯片在乳腺癌基因分子分型及个体化治疗方面的应用

Application of gene chip in genotype molecules classification and indi-vidual therapy of breast cancer

乳腺癌是严重威胁女性健康的恶性肿瘤之一，发病率高，临床上主要借助影像学、针刺细胞学、病理学等方法进行乳腺癌的早期诊断和治疗，但乳腺癌的基因异质性导致相同病理分期的患者对临床治疗有不同的反应且预后不同。确定一种能够准确反映乳腺癌临床分型、预测疗效及预后的分子和基因分型，对于指导乳腺癌个体化治疗和改善乳腺癌患者的预后具有重要意义。本文对基因芯片在乳腺癌分子、基因分型方面的研究及其在个体化诊疗方面的应用作一综述。

Breast cancer, with a high incidence rate, is one of the malignant cancers that threatens women health. Clinically, methods such as image examinations, needle aspiration cytology and pathology are used in its early diagnosis and treatment. However, the genetic heterogeneity of breast cancer has made patients in the same pathological stage respond differently to clinical treatment. So it is important to formulate a molecular and genetictyping method which can accurately reflect the clinical types and prognoses of breast cancer. This paper reviews the research on gene chips applied to molecular and genetic typing methods of breast cancer and also discusses their applications in individualized treatment.