编译局《共产党宣言》汉译本考

On the Chinese Version of Communist Manifesto by the Compilation and Translation Bureau

在《共产党宣言》的多种汉译本中,中共中央编译局译本是目前在中国大陆广为流行的通译本。关于编译局译本,应该澄清两个问题:其一,它最初是在1964年出版的,1958年译本不是编译局译本,而是唯真译校本;其二,它的母本并非俄文本,而是德文本;实际上,在《宣言》的汉译史上,根本不存在母本或主要母本是俄文本的任何译本。历史地看,现行人民出版社《宣言》单行本版权页上标示的"1997年8月第3版"存在模糊之处,有说明甚或更改的必要。

Among the several Chinese versions of the Communist Manifesto, the version by the Central Compila- tion and Translation Bureau is currently the most popular one in China's Mainland. Two issues should be clarified about this version. First, it was first published in 1964. The 1958 edition is not an edition of the Compilation and Transla- tion Bureau version but of Weizhen＇ s version of translation and correction. Second, its original text is not a Russian but a German version. In fact, in the history of Chinese translation of the Communist Manifesto, there exists no ver- sion that originates or mainly originates from a Russian version. From a historical point of view, the account ＂3rd ed. August 1997＂in the copyright page of the current pamphlet of Communist Manifesto by the People＇s Publishing House is obscure. It is necessary to explain or even to amend.