家庭功能、父母教养方式及夫妻关系对青少年社会适应性的预测

A Prediction Based on Family Function,Parenting Styles and the Relationship between Husband and Wife to Adolescents' Social Adaptability

目的:探讨青少年社会适应性状况以及家庭功能、父母教养方式、父母夫妻关系对社会适应性的预测。方法:采用分层随机取样,抽取452名12-18岁的中学生,用中学生社会适应性量表、家庭功能评定量表、简式父母教养方式问卷及Olson婚姻质量问卷中的两个维度进行调查。结果:①夫妻交流(β=0.098,P<0.05)、情感温暖(β=0.266,P<0.001)、沟通(β=-0.240,P<0.001)对青少年的心理优越感有显著的预测力;②情感温暖(β=0.211,P<0.001)、沟通(β=-0.177,P<0.05)对青少年的心理能量有显著的预测力;③情感温暖(β=0.171,P<0.01)、问题解决(β=-0.125,P<0.05)、角色(β=-0.133,P<0.05)对青少年的人际适应性有显著的预测力;④夫妻交流(β=0.130,P<0.01)、解决冲突的方式(β=-0.102,P<0.05)、过度保护(β=-0.172,P<0.001)、情感温暖(β=0.167,P<0.01)、问题解决(β=-0.116,P<0.05)对青少年的心理弹性有显著的预测力。结论:家庭功能对青少年社会适应性的预测力最大。

Objective： To explore the prediction on family fimction, parenting styles, parent relationship between husband and wife to adolescents＇ social adaptability. Methods： By stratified random sampling method, 452 middle school students between 12-18 years old were tested. They were investigated with the scale on social adaptability for secondary school students, Family Assessment device, a short-form of the Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostmn for Chinese and two dimensions of Olson quality of marriage questionnaire. Results： ①Husband and wife exchange （β=0.098,P〈0.05）, emotional warmth （β=0.266, P〈0.001）, communication （β=-0.240, P〈0.001） had significant predictive powers to the adolescents＇ psychological superiority; ②The emotional warmth （β=0.211,P〈0.001）, communication （β=-0.177,P〈0.05） had significant predictive powers to the adolescents＇ mental energy; ③Emotional warmth （β=0.171,P〈0. 01）, problem solving （β=-0.125,P〈0.05）, the roles （β=-0.133,P〈0.05） had significant predictive powers to the adolescents＇ interpersonal adaptability; ④Husband and wife exchange （β = 0.130, P 〈 0.01）, conflict resolution way （β=-0.102, P〈0.05）,excessive protection （β=-0.172,P〈0.001）, emotional warmth （β=0.167,P〈0.01）, problem solving （β=-0.116,P〈0.05） had significant powers to the adolescents＇ mental resilience. Conclusion： Family functioning had the biggest predictive power to the adolescents＇ social adaptability.