山西中阳5种人工林地土壤的抗蚀性研究

Analysis of soil anti-erodibility of five different plantation lands in Zhongyang,Shanxi

【目的】分析晋西黄土丘陵区主要人工林地土壤的抗蚀性及其影响因素,为该地人工林建设过程中树种的搭配提供依据。【方法】选择山西中阳县车鸣峪林场神疙瘩管护站的5种人工林地为研究对象,取样测定其土壤的基本理化性质及土壤抗蚀性指数,并分析了5种人工林地土壤抗蚀性及其与土壤理化性质的关系。【结果】1)不同种类人工林的土壤抗蚀性有差异,土壤抗蚀性指数表现为刺槐油松榆树混交林>油松林>侧柏林>刺槐林>灌木林,不同土层的土壤抗蚀性指数也有区别,表现为0～20cm土层大于20～40cm土层。2)土壤抗蚀性指数随着时间的增加而降低,且二者间呈三次函数关系,其中20～40cm土层土壤抗蚀性指数下降幅度更大。3)土壤抗蚀性指数与粒径>0.25mm土壤水稳性团聚体、土壤粘粒(粒径<0.001mm)和有机质含量呈显著正相关,其与土壤基本物理性质和化学性质存在一定的线性关系,土壤抗蚀性受土壤基本物理性质的影响较大。【结论】不同人工林地土壤抗蚀性差异较大;为减轻土壤侵蚀,应当营造混交林,保护表层土壤。

【Objective】 Analysis was made on the major plantation corrosion resistance and its influencing factors in hilly-gully loess area of west Shanxi to provide the basis for species with the plantation of the construction process.【Method】 Based on the experiments of dispersion of particals in water,soil anti-erodibility of five different plantation lands in Shanxi Zhongyang was studied,and also the relationship between soil anti-erodibility and soil physical and chemical characteristics was discussed.【Result】 1） There is evident difference in anti-erodibility of plantation lands：soil anti-erosion indices are put in order as follows：Leguminosae×Pinaceae×Ulmacea〉Pinaceae〉Cupressaceae〉Shrubbery.The soil anti-erodibility indices of upper 20 cm are bigger than those under 20 cm.2）The soil anti-erodibility indices are getting lower and lower as time goes on.The relationship between soil anti-erodibility indices and times is cubic function.3）There is close liner relationship between soil anti-erodibility indices and soil properties.The amount of water-stable aggregates（〉0.25 mm）,soil clay（〈0.001 mm） and organic matter is significantly related to soil anti-erodibiliy.【Conclusion】 Different plantation soil anti-erodibility is quite different and in order to reduce soil erosion,we should create mixed forest and protect the topsoil.