生物质炭改良土壤及对作物效应的研究进展

Biochar research advances regarding soil improvement and crop response

生物质炭是作物秸秆等有机物质在限制供氧的条件下加热而成。生物质炭具有养分含量丰富、碱性和高稳定性等特点,因此可以降低土壤酸度,有效截留土壤养分,并在一定程度上促进养分吸收而提高作物产量。本文主要综述了生物质炭制备的影响因素及其施用后对土壤理化性质、作物生长发育和养分吸收等方面的影响。由于生物质炭在国内外的研究仍处于起步阶段,研究过程中所采取的方法、所用不同来源的生物质炭以及研究的具体对象等不尽相同,研究的结果显示生物质炭在某些方面的作用仍存在不同结论。目前,生物质炭的研究多集中在表面宏观现象上,对其深入的机理研究仍较欠缺,因此,需要科技工作者的进一步探索,文章最后阐述了未来对该领域研究的一些观点。

Biochar is produced by heating crop residues and other organic substances trader limited oxygen conditions. Because biochar is rich in nutrients and highly alkaline and stable, it has been reported to effectively reduce soil acidity, retain soil nutrients, promote nutrient uptake and enhance crop yield. This paper reviewed progress in biochar research, which （domestic or international） is at infancy stage. Because of the different methods of biochar research and various biomass carbon resources for different crops, great controversies have existed about the different roles of biochar. At present, biochar research has mainly focused on surface phenomena. As the study of such mechanism was still inadequate, researchers were required to make further explorations in this field. This review also discussed some strategies and areas for future biochar research.